Building Community Resilience against Online Hate Speech in Norway: A Study of Stakeholder Practices and Gaps
Hate speech on digital platforms poses a growing threat to democracy, social cohesion, public safety, and individual wellbeing. This study examines how multi-sector stakeholders in Norway contribute to building community resilience against online hate speech within a complex digital media ecosystem. It argues that effective countermeasures must combine technological interventions with non-digital, community-based strategies. Drawing on human rights and community resilience theory, the paper explores how public, private, and civil society actors understand and respond to online hate. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach, based on two stakeholder workshops and 20 semi-structured interviews with representatives from 25 organizations. The findings show that Norwegian stakeholders employ diverse, multi-tiered strategies that extend beyond digital platforms, emphasizing education, dialogue, prevention, and the cultivation of social trust. While several innovative initiatives are identified, the analysis also reveals persistent challenges, including legal ambiguity, ethical and technological constraints, limited resources, and fragmented stakeholder coordination. The paper contributes to global debates on techno-ethics and cyber-ethics by providing a grounded, context-specific case from Norway, and argues for a more integrated, long-term approach to community resilience that bridges online and offline efforts in addressing the evolving threat of hate speech in democratic societies.
Publisert i 2026
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